A 4-part Fire & Smoke Systems quick guide to sprinkler design, from the basic formulas to a fully worked hydraulic calculation, based on NFPA 13 (2022).

A one-page Fire & Smoke Systems quick guide to the main sprinkler types and how to select the right one under NFPA 13.

A side-by-side look at NFPA 13, 13R and 13D using a four- to five-storey townhouse as a case study, to help engineers and developers understand which standard applies and why it matters.

An explanation of the minimum and maximum spacing of the closely spaced sprinklers that protect a vertical opening under NFPA 13, and why both limits matter.

A simple experiment: when a sprinkler and a rope are exposed to the same fire, which gives way first? A useful illustration of how quickly a glass-bulb sprinkler responds to heat.

A compilation of the NFPA 13 tables most often needed during sprinkler site inspections, gathered in one place for quick reference on site.